Edgar Allan Poe neni tinodzokera kumashure. Kwete chaizvo! Nenzira chaiyo chaiyo, aive sumo yangu kune kutya. Ini ndaive mugiredhi rechishanu kana rechitanhatu pandakatanga kutora bhuku raive ne "The Tell-Tale Heart" mariri. Nyaya yakandizunza kusvika pamoyo wangu. Ndakanga ndakarembera, uye pakanga pasina kudzokera shure!

Kubva ipapo, ini ndanga ndine akawanda makopi emabasa ake akazara, kusanganisira imwe yakatsvuka-ropa kopi inova nyaya yakanyanya kusiiwa kune rimwe zuva. Nhasi, zvakadaro, izuva rekuzvarwa kwaPoe, uye ini handifunge imwe nzira iri nani yekupemberera kunze kwekugovana gumi nenhatu dzenyaya dzake uye nhetembo dzandingafunge kuverenga kwakakosha kune chero munhu anongowana munyori kekutanga.

Zvinopera pasina kutaura kuti hadzisi dzese idzi dzinonyanya kufarirwa, asi nyaya dzakanamatira kwandiri zvisinei. Tarisa uone, uye ndizivise zvaunofarira mune zvakataurwa pazasi!

Edgar Allan Poe: Izvo Zvakakosha

# 1 "Iyo Yekutaura-Mwoyo"

Zvino iyi ndiyo pfungwa. Unondifarira kupenga. Madhimoni hapana chaanoziva. Asi ungadai wakandiona. Unofanirwa kunge waona huchenjeri hwandakaita - nehungwaru — nehungwaru - nekunyepedzera kwandakaita ndakashanda.

Sezvo yaive iri nyaya yakazvitangira zvese kwandiri, ndiyo nyaya inotanga iyi runyorwa. Poe's classic ngano yekushushikana uye mhosva ndeimwe inofamba pasi peganda uye inokwevera muverengi mungano yemunyori. Chandinogara ndichiwana chinonakidza, zvisinei, ndechekuti Poe haamboshandisa zvirevo kana zvimwe zvitsananguro zvemunyori, zvakadaro vaverengi vanowanzo funga kuti murume.

Kune vamwe venyu izvozvi varikukwenya misoro, vachifunga, "Kwete, zvinoti murondedzeri murume!" Kwete, dzokera uye uverenge imwe nguva. Ini ndinofunga Poe ainyatsoziva zvaaiita mune izvi. Akasiira chidimbu chenyaya iyi kune edu pfungwa nepfungwa, uye zvinonakidza sei kweanoda kusvika makore zana nemakumi masere, vazhinji vakaiverenga nenzira imwecheteyo.

# 2 "Mabhero"

 Mukunyarara kweusiku,
        Tinodedera sei nekutya
  Pakavhiringidzika kutyisidzira kwetoni yavo!
        Yese ruzha runofamba
        Kubva ngura iri mukati mehuro dzavo
                 Kugomera.

Nhetembo yaPoe ya1845 ingori yakavanzika mumatanho ezvinyorwa uye inowanzo kuongororwa pamimhanzi, mutinhimira, uye onomatopoeic mutauro, zvese izvo zvine kukosha uye handingambokanganisa makore emakore ekudzidza nedzidziso.

Asi ...

Zvakawanda zvebasa raPoe zvakanyura mukati meiyo psyche uye ini handigoni kubatsira asi kushamisika, kunyangwe semunhu mukuru anombozvidya mwoyo kana akakomberedzwa neruzha rukuru, dai pasina zvimwe zviri kuitika munhetembo iyi. Zvinonzi Poe akanyora nhetembo iyi zvichibva pamanzwi aakanzwa kubva pahwindo rake padhuze neFordham University. Kana aive akakomberedzwa usiku nemasikati nemabhero aya akasiyana-siyana anorira, hazviite here kuti naiyewo ainzwa kumanikidzwa kweruzha irworwo?

# 3 "Oval Portrait"

Ini ndaive ndawana huroyi hwemufananidzo muhupenyu hwakazara-kufanana kwekutaura, uko, pakutanga kunokatyamadza, kwakazopedzisira kwavhiringidza, kundikunda uye kundikatyamadza.

Ngano dzaPoe dzaive nezvizhinji zvezvinhu zvinotyisa asi mashoma ainyengedza kunge pendi iri mu "Iyo Oval Portrait," ngano yemuenzi akanyanyisa kufunga nezvebasa rake zvekuti anosundira kure zvimwe zvese muhupenyu hwake, kusanganisira mudzimai wake mudiki, kudzamara zuva raanomukumbira kuti amugarire pamufananidzo.

Kusiyana naOscar Wilde Mufananidzo waDorian Grey iyo yaizoburitswa makumi mashanu emakore gare gare, uyu pendi hauna kuchengetedza hupenyu hwenyaya yacho. Pane kudaro, nebhurasho rega rega, mukadzi mudiki akapera, pakupedzisira achizofa pendi yakapera. Iyo ipfupi ngano, asi inobudirira inorarama sechienzi chekunyora nyaya kune avo vanochera zvakadzika mune iro basa remunyori pane mashoma anowanzo kuverengerwa nyaya nhetembo.

# 4 "Izvo Chokwadi Mune Nyaya yaM. Valdemar"

Hongu; —kwete; —Ndanga ndivete — uye zvino — zvino — ini ndafa.

Makore anodarika zana nemakumi matatu mafirimu asati aitika Kuurayiwa kweCannibal akatiyedza kuti titende kuti izvo zvataisangana nazvo pachiratidziro, chaive chokwadi, Poe akaburitsa "Chokwadi muNhau yaM. Valdemar," nenzira yekuti inotungamira veruzhinji kuti vatende kuti nyaya yaive kurondedzerwa nhoroondo yezvakaitika pane kuita ngano.

Iyo nyaya iri pasina mubvunzo ndeye yechienzi imwe. Chiremba, akafadzwa nepfungwa uye maitiro e mesmerism aka hypnosis, anogonesa shamwari iri kufa kuti imubvumidze kumufungidzira sekufa kunopindira kuti aone kana maitiro acho anogona kumisa rufu. Izvo zvinotevera inyaya inotyisa. Murume anofa, asi haachaenderera mberi. Anobatwa, mune mesmeric state, akabatwa mumuviri akafa kwemwedzi minomwe, zvakanyanya kukutyisa kuri kukura kweshamwari dzake nevanozivana navo.

Kana iye mesmerist akazofunga kuti inguva yekumutsa murume, hongu, ndopazvinhu zvinova zvinotyisa zvechokwadi.

# 5 "Mhondi Dziri MuRue Morgue"

Zvakaitika, kazhinji, zvipingamupinyi zvikuru munzira yekirasi iyoyo yevanofunga avo vakadzidziswa kuti varege kuziva chinhu chefungidziro yezvingaitika-iyo dzidziso kune izvo zvinhu zvine mbiri zvekutsvagisa kwevanhu zvine chikwereti chakanyanya kubwinya mufananidzo. .

Pazvinhu zvakawandisa zvakaitwa naEdgar Allan Poe, chimwe chinonyanya kushamisa ndechekuti anopihwa mbiri yekunyora nyaya yekutanga yemutikitivha na "The Murders in the Rue Morgue," ngano yemhondi inoita kunge isingaite uye mutikitivha uyo anoedza kuzvigadzirisa. . C. Auguste Dupin, "mutikitivha" ari kutaurwa, ndemumwe wevanyori vashoma vaPoe vaizodzoka mu "The Purloined Letter" uye "Chakavanzika chaMarie Roget."

Mupfungwa dzangu, iyi ndeye kana Poe anonyanya kuita hutsinye. Iyo nhanho yegore inokwikwidza chero chimwe chinhu munyori akambonyora. Mumwe akabatwa anowanikwa aine mapfupa mazhinji akavhunika pasi pehwindo rake, huro yake yakachekwa zvakadzama zvekuti musoro wake unodonha kana muviri wafambiswa. Mumwe mukadzi akadzipwa zvekufa uye muviri wake wakazara chakamiririrwa.

# 6 "Masque yeRutsvuku Rufu"

Paive nezvakawanda zvezvakanaka, zvizhinji zvekuda, zvizhinji zvezvisinganzwisisike, chimwe chinhu chinotyisa, uye kwete chidiki pane icho chingangodaro chakasimudza ruvengo.

“Masque yeRufu Rutsvuku” anga ari pane zvakawanda zvinotyisa vateveri 'pfungwa mugore rapfuura apo isu takatarisisa pasi denda reCovid-19, tichiona shamwari nemhuri vachirwara. Yakanga iri, munzira yayo, chirevo chekuziva, asi icho chakavakirwa pane zvakaitika kare, futi.

Prince Prospero, mukuyedza kutiza denda rinozivikanwa seRed Death iro riri kuparadza nyika, anozvivharira muabbey nevamwe vake vanokudzwa. Anofunga kukanda bhora rakavharwa kuti afadze shamwari dzake. Mutambo unoitika mumakamuri manomwe, imwe neimwe yakashongedzwa neruvara rwakasiyana. Haatomboziva kuti muenzi asingatarisirwe apinda mune yake soiree. Denda rakafananidzwa rakauya kuzosheedza uye munguva pfupi Prospero nevamwe vake, vakagutsikana kuti vaive vakachengeteka kubva mukuparadzwa kwechirwere nekuda kwehupfumi hwavo uye chinzvimbo, vakatambura neropa reropa.

Iyo inyaya inoshungurudza, uye sezvandambotaura, iyo yatakamboona munzira medu ichitamba mumwedzi yapfuura. Ngativimbei, panguva ino, kuti tadzidza chidzidzo chedu.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MRNoFteP3HU

# 7 "Iyo Bhasikiti yeAmontillado"

Kukuvara kwechiuru cheFortunato kwandainge ndakaita sekugona kwangu kwese; asi paakazvishingisa nekutuka, ndakapika kutsiva.

Hapana munhu akanyora kutsiva saEdgar Allan Poe. Iye murume aingova nehunyanzvi hwayo, uye ichi ndicho, nekure, imwe yeakanakisa ake.

Munyori anotiisa mushangu dzeMontresor, murume akaunzwa pasi, uyo akapomera mashoma matambudziko ake aripo ku "shamwari" yake Fortunato. Pasi pechirevo chekubvunza murume uyu maonero ake pabhokisi rewaini murondedzeri achangotenga, anomukwezva mumaseji emhuri kwaanoenderera mberi nekumusimbisa ari mupenyu, achisiya murume wacho achifa zvishoma nezvishoma uye zvinorwadza.

Chii chinonakidza ndechekuti, kunyangwe Montresor achingogara achipa Fortunato mhosva yekutuka kwakasiyana siyana, haatombovatumidza. Muverengi anosara achinetseka kuti murume uyu akambokuvadza Montresor here, kana dai aingova mbudzi yekukanganisa kushungurudzika kwaMontresor. Zvisinei, kupera kwacho kune hutsinye sezvo Fortunato achideedzera kakawanda kuMontresor kuti arege zvaari kuita uye iye murume anongoseka kuchema kwake kuti abatsirwe.

# 8 "Iyo Raven"

Parizvino mweya wangu wakasimba; kuzeza ipapo hakuchisiri,
Changamire, "ndakadaro," kana Madam, zvechokwadi ruregerero rwenyu ndinokumbira;
Asi chokwadi ndechekuti ini ndaive ndakarara, uye zvinyoro nyoro iwe wakauya uchirova,
Uye saka musisina kusimba iwe wakauya uchirova, uchirovera pamusuwo wangu wekamuri,
That I scarcece was sure I heard you ”- apa ndakavhura musuwo zvakanyanya; -
Rima ipapo, uye hapana chimwezve.

Kusuruvara nekurasikirwa kwakazara mukati "Iyo Raven," nhetembo yaPoe inowana munyori asina kutaurwa zita achitambudzwa neRaven anopinda mumba make achidzokorora "Nevermore" kasingaperi.

Akazadzwa nemifananidzo uye madimikira eRufu, murondedzeri anoregedza pakati pechishuwo chake chekuenderera mberi kubva pakurasikirwa nerudo rwake rwepedyo, Lenore, uye chishuwo chake chakashata chekubata pane zvese zvaaive kwaari. Isu tese tanga tiripo, handiti? Kune kutya kusingagumi kunonamira padetembo, kuchikura kusvika kumagumo kwaro murume paanosvika pakuenderana nenyaya yekuti Raven, nekusuwa kwake, zvinogona kusazombosiya zvakare.

# 9 "Ligeia"

Uye, chokwadi, kana mweya iwoyo wakanzi Romance-kana iye, ivo wan uye Ashtophet ane mapapiro eEgypt anonamata zvifananidzo, akatungamira, sezvavanotaura, pamusoro pemichato isina kusiyiwa, saka zvirokwazvo akatungamira yangu.

Imwe ngano yekushushikana nekurasikirwa, "Ligeia" ingano yemukadzi ane runako rwusingapindirike uyo murondedzeri ainyanya kuda murudo, kunyange asiri chokwadi zvachose kuti akazovei muhupenyu hwake, uye haatomboyeuke mhuri yake zita. Zvakadaro, akamuda kusvikira arwara, kupera simba, ndokufa. Gare gare, munyori anoroora zvakare mukadzi wechivanhu akajairika anorwara, zvakare, zvishoma nezvishoma achiwira kune imwe nzvimbo isingazivikanwe inomutora.

Ligeia akambosiya zvechokwadi here? Iyo nyaya yaive yeimwe yekutanga kwaPoe uyezve iyo yaakagadzirisa uye akadhinda zvakare kakawanda munguva yehupenyu hwake. Yakanga iri mune iyo nyaya iyo nhetembo "Anokunda Worm" yakazvarwa futi, yakanyorwa naLigeia.

# 10 "Kukanganisa kweakakanganisa"

Iko hakuna kushuvira mune zvakasikwa saka ane mweya wakaipa kushivirira, saye weiye, achidedera pamucheto wedombo, nekudaro anofungisisa Kukwira.

Asi kumwe kufungisisa pamusoro pehana nehana, "The Imp of the Perverse" inotanga senge rondedzero yakanyorwa nemunyori, rondedzero yekuzviparadza kwevanhu. Sezvo nyaya inotanga kushanduka, zvakadaro, tinodzidza kuti munyori wedu, iye pachake, akauraya murume nenzira dzakangwara uye akakohwa zvakanakira kufa kwemurume uyu kuburikidza nenhaka yakakura.

Kunyanya kutaura kunoita murondedzeri, ndipo paanonyanya kufunga nezve pfungwa yekureurura izvo zvinotungamira mukumanikidzwa kuita izvo chaizvo. Kukanganisa kweakakanganisa kwakamuita kuti aite chimwe chinhu, uye zvino anofanira kubhadhara zvivi zvake…

# 11 "Kuviga Kwemberi"

Iyo miganhu inopatsanura Hupenyu kubva muRufu iri pamumvuri wakasviba uye hauna kujeka. Ndiani achataura kuti imwe inogumira kupi, uye imwe inotangira kupi?

Pfungwa yekuvigwa uri mupenyu inotyisa. Mune 21st century mukana wekuti zviitike idiki, asi muma1800 kwaive kutya chaiko. Poe anotamba pamusoro pekutya ikoko zvakanakisa mu "The Premature Burial," ngano yemurume akajairwa necataleptic trances inomusiya mune kufa-senge mamiriro. Anorarama achitya kuvigwa ari mupenyu uye anoshandisa mazuva ake achinyatso tarisa kuisa yega-yekumira-gapano inofungidzirwa munzvimbo kuti itadze kuitika.

Paanomuka kuti azviwanire akafungidzirwa, husiku hwake hwese husiku hunova hwechokwadi uye nhoroondo yekunyepedzera inotonyanya kutyisa.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H86mlOMCA1Q

# 12 "Gomba uye Pendulum"

… Kurwadziwa kwemweya wangu kwakaburitsa mhere imwechete, yekureba uye yekupedzisira yekupererwa.

Poe's over-the-top tale yeSpanish Inquisition inouya izere nehofori, reza-yakapinza pendulum ichizungunuka pasi kubva padenga pamusoro pemurume akasungirirwa patafura. Zvino, ngano yake yanga isiri yechokwadi pane zvakaitika, asi handifunge kuti aida kuti ive.

Mu "The Pit uye Pendulum" Poe akaunza pamwechete matarenda ake ekutaurirana aripo kutya, mhosva, uye kurarama mune nyaya iri zvese inobata uye inotyisa kusvika panguva yekupedzisira. Pane chikonzero nei ichi chinowanzo kuve pane chinofanira-kuverenga chinyorwa chebasa remunyori. KANA usati waverenga, zviite izvozvi.

# 13 "Kuwa kweImba yaUsher"

Kwete kuzvinzwa? -He, ini ndinonzwa, uye ndazvinzwa. Yakareba - yakareba - yakareba-- maminetsi mazhinji, maawa mazhinji, mazuva mazhinji, ndakazvinzwa - asi handina kuzvishingisa--, ndinzwirei tsitsi, ndiri munhu akasuwa! -Ndakashinga-handina kutya kutaura! Takamuisa mupenyu muguva!

Iyi, nekure, imwe yenyaya dzakaomesesa dzePoe, uye imwe inochera zvakadzika mumisoro yekuzviparadzanisa uye mhuri uye mutoro.

Iye munyori anomhanyira kunobatsira shamwari yake Roderick kuti awane imba yemhuri iri kupunzika yakamukomberedza. Iyo haunted asi neiko uye ndiani uye chii chichaitika kana madziro auya kudonha pasi?

Yakave iri yeimwe yandinofarira kubva pandakatanga kuiverenga, uye ndadzokera kwairi ndichidzokororazve mumakore ese aya.