Eastern State Penitentiary iri muPhiladelphia, Pennsylvania, uye inoonekwa seimwe yeiyo kunyanya kushungurudzwa majeri munyika. Jeri rakatanga kuvhurwa muna 1829 rikashanda kusvika muna 1971. Rakange rakagadzirirwa kubata vasungwa makumi maviri nevaviri muchitokisi chavo vega kwemutongo wavo wese.

Pakangopinda musungwa, hood yakaiswa pamusoro pavo semurindi achivatungamira kuchitokisi chavo. Vakanga vakavharirwa mukati kwezuva rose, vachidyiswa nepaseji pamusuwo, vaingobvumidzwa hafu yeawa yekurovedza muviri uye vaingobvumidzwa kubuda muchitokisi kwavo kamwechete mukati memavhiki maviri kuti vageze panguva iyo ivo vaivezve vakaputirwa kuitira kuti vatadze kubata kuona kwemumwe musungwa. Sero rega rega rakavakwa nekuchenesa kwakapoteredzwa uye magetsi ekudenga anotendera "mwenje waMwari" kupinda muchitokisi pamwe nechimbuzi, mvura inoyerera, kupisa, uye Bhaibheri.

Vasungwa vaviri vanonyanya kuzivikanwa vaive gororo remabhangi "Slick Willie" Sutton na "Scarface" Al Capone.

Eastern State Penitentiary akaGehena Pasi Pano

Jeri raiita "ruzha rwekunyarara," zvichireva kuti vasungwa vaisabvumidzwa kutaura, kuimba, kana kusekerera. Vasungwa vasina kutevedzera mutemo wekunyarara vanogona kuzviwana vakasungwa nesimbi simbi yerurimi iyo yaisanganisira kusunga rurimi rwavo pamaoko avo. Kana vakarwa nemaketani, izvi zvaigona kukonzeresa rurimi. Mutemo uyu wakaita kuti vasungwa vazhinji vapenge.

Pamwe chete nekunyarara kwakauya zvirango zvine hutsinye. Izvi zvaisanganisira:

• Iyo yekugezesa yemvura - uko vasungwa vakavezwa mumubhati wemvura inotonhora yechando uye vakasungirirwa kubva kumadziro kwehusiku.
• Kwaive zvakare nechigaro chinopenga chaive mukati megomba rakanzi "Gomba," chivhariso chepasi pevhu pazasi pechitokisi 14 apo pakanga pasina mwenje uye vasungwa vakasungwa zvine simba pachigaro, vachimisa kufamba kupi kwemazuva nemazuva enzara. Vamwe vasungwa, vakambobviswa muzvisungo, vakaremara zvachose. Izvi zvaive zvevasungwa vakazvibata zvakanyanya, aya dzimwe nguva-aipedza mavhiki.

Vakadzi vaivewo mukati mejeri; vaive vakavharirwa vaviri kwemakore zana kusvika 100 pakaunzwa mukadzi musungwa wekupedzisira.

Al Capone anga ari musungwa pano kubva 1929 kusvika 1930, achishumira mwedzi misere yekutakura chombo chakavanzika. Akagara muCellblock 8 asati aendeswa kuAlcatraz. Aive nesero rakanakisa mujeri rese. Capone aibvumidzwa kuve nemidziyo yaisanganisira marambi, kupenda, uye redhiyo remakurukota.

Aigara achinyunyuta kuti akashungurudzwa nemweya waJames Clark, mumwe weavo vakaurawa kubva kuSt. Valentine's Massacre muChicago. Capone haana kupisa pfuti yakauraya Clark, asi akarayira kupfura.

Kuurayiwa hakuna kuitwa mutirongo iri, asi kuuraya kwakawanda kwakaitika kusanganisira maGadhi maviri akaurayiwa pamwe nevasungwa vazhinji mumakore apfuura. Mazana evasungwa akafa nekuchembera kana chirwere.

Musi waApril 3, 1945, kutiza kukuru kwakaitika kwakaitwa nevasungwa gumi nevaviri. Mukufamba kwegore, ivo vakakwanisa kuchera mugero - usati wawanikwa - wakareba mamita makumi mapfumbamwe nepasi pemadziro ejeri. Kugadziridza kwakaitika mukati ma97s kwakatungamira mukuwanikwa kweimwe makumi matatu tunnel isina kukwana.

Nyaya zhinji dzemweya dzakanzwikwa kubva mutirongo iri kumashure senge kuma1940.

Vashanyi vakashuma vachiona chipoko chaJoseph Taylor uyo akauraya musungwa anonzi Michael Duran kusvika muna 1884. Mushure mekuita humhondi uhu, zvinonzi akapinda chinyararire muchitokisi chake ndokurara. Chipoko chake chinonzi chinodzungaira dzimba kusvika nhasi.

Kumwe kusangana kwemweya kwakaonekwa neLoksmith. Aive achiita basa rekudzorera muCellblock 4, kuyedza kubvisa chihwindi chemakore zana nemakumi mana kubva pamusuwo wesero apo simba rakakura rakamukunda uye akatadza kufamba. Zvinotendwa kana kiyi iyi yabviswa, suo rakavhurwa iro raibvumidza mweya kubatwa kuseri kwemusuwo kutiza. Locksmith anoti zviso zvakaonekwa pamadziro echitokisi ndokutenderera achienda kwaari.

Charles Dickens akashanyira Eastern State Penitentiary muma1840, akati akawana mamiriro ehupenyu evasungwa achishungurudza. Akavarondedzera se "vakavigwa vari vapenyu" uye vakanyora nezve kushungurudzwa kwevasungwa.

Sisitimu yekuvharira vega yakazopunzika nekuda kwekuwandisa muna 1913. Mushure maizvozvo yakashanda sejeri rekuunganidza kusvika ravhara muna 1970. Rakabva ragarisa vasungwa mushure memhirizhonga mune rimwe jeri muPennsylvania, richivharwa zviri pamutemo muna 1971. Iri jeri rakaitwa National. Historic Landmark muna 1965 uye yakavhura mikova yayo yekushanya kuruzhinji muna 1994. Iyi nzvimbo ikozvino yakavhurwa semuseum uye yekushanya