Gamuchirai zvakare kudiki yangu diki yekudhiza pamusoro peimwe yemaitiro uye matrope ayo akura panzvimbo pesimba renharaunda yevahosi mune inotyisa mhando. Muchikamu chekutanga, takakurukura nezve chiratidzo, uye pano ini ndichave ndiri kuchera mune queer-coding uye iri nhoroondo mukati meiyo genre.

Queer-coding ndiyo nzira yekupa hunhu hwehunhu kune munhu asina kumbobvira abuda (ona zvandakaita ipapo?) Uye kutaura zvakajeka kuti hunhu ngochani. Mufirimu, kunyanya, yakazvarwa kunze kwekutorwa kweiyo Hays Code muma1930.

Mumazuva ekutanga emufirimu, pasina mutemo, vanhu vakaenda kusango vachiratidza mhando dzese dzezvinhu uye vachiongorora chero huwandu hwenyaya dzenyaya. Pasina kushamisika, pakange paine kusundira-kumashure kubva kumapoka anochengetedza muUS aifunga kuti hunhu hwese hwaive munjodzi yehuori nekuda kwemamuvhi.

Vakapinda mukabati raWarren G. Harding ndokubuda naPostmaster General Will Hays vanozove mutungamiri weMotion Picture Producers and Distributors Association- mutungamiriri weMotion Picture Association yeAmerica. Hays nemapoka ake akagadzira kodhi yekugadzira ine yakazara runyorwa rwezvinhu zvaigona kwete kuratidzwa pafirimu.

Kunyange kodhi yacho yaisanyatsotaura nezvekusaziva, yaive yakanyorwa mundima yaisanganisira zvirevo se "zviyero chaizvo zvehupenyu."

Iwe unoziva, iyo chaiyo yakanaka nzira yekuita kuti mumwe munhu aite chimwe chinhu kuvaudza kuti ivo havagone kuzviita.

Vanyori, madhairekitori, uye vatambi vakapandukira nenzira dzakavanzika vachipesana neHays Code, kunyangwe Joseph Breen paakatora chigaro semunhu oga mubhodhi aive nekwanisi kunyora zvakare nekucheka chero chinyorwa chaakaona chakakodzera.

Uye nekudaro, queer-coding yakatanga kupinda mumafirimu. Zvino, queer-coding, mukati uye pachezvayo, hachisi chinhu chakaipa chinhu. Kunge chero chishandiso, inogona kushandiswa kune chakanaka kana chakaipa. Vanyori vangadai vakashandisa matarenda avo kugadzira mavara atinogona kutarisa kumashure tichidada.

Zvinosuruvarisa, zvakave zvese pamwe chete zviri nyore, kuburikidza ne-queer-coding, kugadzira masitoko akafanana nemukadzi wekusangana pabonde, "mukadzi akaomarara," uye nechisimba, chisimba.

Uku kwekupedzisira kwakave muyero mune inotyisa genre kunyanya.

Tora, semuenzaniso, Mwanasikana waDracula. Inotarisirwa yakavakirwa pane pfupi nyaya yaStoker, "Dracula's Guest," iyo firimu yakaguma iine zvimwe zvakawanda zvakafanana pakupedzisira naSheridan le Fanu's carmilla.

Pano tinoona Countess Marya Zaleska aka mwanasikana waDracula uyo akatsvaga rubatsiro rwechiremba wepfungwa kuti azvisunungure kubva pasimba rakaipa. Sezvo mitumbi inotanga kuunganidzwa yakatenderedza, zviri nyore, padanho repamusoro, kuverenga simba iri sevampirism. Zviri mumitambo ine mudiki, akanaka, blonde modhi uko zvinhu zvakaverengwa zvakasiyana.

Countess Zaleska anoudza Lili kuti anoda kumupenda. Anomutarisa neruchiva ruri mumaziso ake. Anomuudza kuti akanaka uye anomukumbira kuti abvise bluzi rake pamafudzi ake. Iye anofamba achiswedera uye achiswedera, achifungidzira mukadzi wechidiki nechishongo asati azopedzisira arwisa.

Vateereri veQueer kwese kwese vaiona iyo Countess semunhu anonyengera, uyezve vakamuona achifa nekuda kwe "zvivi" zvake.

Ikozve kune akanaka uye asinganzwisisike Irena kubva kuna Val Lewton's Cat People.

Mumufirimu, Irena, akaridzwa naSimone Simon anoshamisa, anotya kuti anotukwa kuita mhuka yemusango kana achinge amutswa nebonde ... chaiko. Zvisinei nekusahadzika kwake, Irena anokurumidza kudanana naOliver uye vaviri vacho vachangoroora. Nekudaro, nekuda kwedambudziko rake, haakwanise kuita "mabasa emukadzi" kuna Oliver.

Anotanga kuona chiremba wepfungwa kuyedza kukurira manzwiro aya.

Kana iwe uri kucherechedza zvinoitika pano, hazvina kuoma kufunga kuti nei. Panguva iyoyo, kuva queer kwainzi kurwara nepfungwa uye vazhinji vaitumirwa kuvarapi vezvepfungwa kuti "varapwe." Nehurombo, vamwe vachiri kubatirira kune uyu muitiro uye kurapa kwekurapa kwave kumanikidzwa kune vechidiki vakawanda kupfuura ini zvandisina basa nekufungidzira.

Nekudaro, haakwanise kubvisa zvizere ichi "chinhu," ichi "chimwe" icho chaanacho. Iye anotsanangura kutuka uye anoyeuka musha waakakurira sewakaipa, uzere nevanhu vakaipa vakaita zvinhu zvinotyisa nenzira iyo vazhinji vanoenderana nenyaya yeSodhoma neGomora kubva muBhaibheri, ngano yakadudzirwa zvisirizvo kwemazana emakore se nzira yekushora nharaunda yenharaunda.

Nomuzvarirwo, nekuti haakwanise kukunda chinhu chinomuita "mumwe," iye pakupedzisira anozvipira mukati, achichinja kuita panther nekurwisa nekuuraya murapi wake. Iye anomhanyira kune zoo yemuno uye anovhura keji yepanther. Chikara chakakurumidza kumushatisa usati watiza uye kuuraiwa pachawo.

Kana ivo vawana akafa panther akarara pamusuwo wecage, Oliver anong'un'una kuti Irena haana kumbovanyepera.

Nehurombo, Irena anongova mumwe mumutsetse murefu wevatambi vane makodhi akafanirwa kufa nekuti vaisakwanisa kushandura zvavari.

Zvino, kuti urege kufunga kuti vakadzi ndivo chete vaiiswa pasi pekunyora-kodhi panguva iyoyo, ndinoda kukwevera pfungwa dzako kune vese Ini ndaive wechidiki Teweti Werewolf uye Ndakanga Ndiri Wechidiki Frankenstein. Ose mafirimu aya akaburitswa muna 1957 uye vese vakatamba vanopfuura mumwe chete vasina kunyatso chenjera mavara mavari.

Kutanga kumusoro, Ini ndaive wechiduku werewolf ane nyeredzi mudiki, hunky Michael Landon makore mashoma mashoma anonyara kumhanya kwake kumadokero, Bonanza.

Tony Rivers (Landon) ane dambudziko rekudzora kutsamwa, uye mushure mekuputika zvishoma, akakurudzirwa kuti aone chiremba wepfungwa kwaanotaura nezvehasha idzi dzisiri dzechivanhu mukati make. Dr. Brandon vanokurumidza kukurudzira chimiro chechirapa chekurapa chejaya iri.

Panguva iyoyo, kudzoreredza kurapa kwaive kwakakurumbira "mhinduro" yekurapa kwekusagadzikana. Pfungwa iyi yaive yekudzosera murwere kumidzi yezvido zvavo uye kuvabvisa kuti vasave pasi pe "zvishuwo zvisiri zvavo".

Dr Brandon, zvakadaro, vanozvitora nhanho kuenda mberi, vachifunga kuti kune mabhenefiti ekugogodza muhunhu hwakakosha, uye kunyange kutosvika kure kupa zano kuna Tony kuti aimbove chikara uye paizove nezvakanaka zvekudzokera kune iyo mamiriro.

Pasina nguva, Brandon aburitsa chikara muna Tony uyo anotanga kuuraya vanhu. Haisi yakatambanuka huru yekufungidzira kuenzanisa chimiro chake chechikara nemiratidziro yevanhu vakadzikama. Zvese zvaunoda kuti uite kuteerera kune vezvematongerwo enyika uye nevezvitendero vakasiyana-siyana vanowanzoenzanisa queerness nemhuka.

Saka pano tine meseji yakaoma. Kune varume vechikuru, vechikara vane chinangwa chekubira vanakomana vako nekuvashandura kuita chimwe "chisiri". Kutevera dingindira remienzaniso yapfuura, vese varume vaifanira kufa.

Nezve Ndakanga Ndiri Wechidiki Frankenstein, isu zvakare tina murume mukuru, anodya mhuka, panguva ino muchimiro chaPurofesa Frankenstein uyo anosarudza kuzvivakira iye jaya kubva munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzaakatora, zvese kubva kune "akakwirira mumuviri" mienzaniso.

Iyi inoitora ikaenda padanho nyowani nyowani sezvo Frankenstein akatarisa chisikwa chake chichidzidzira chisina hembe uye chichimutarisa paari kuchichiita.

Zvekare, pakupedzisira vese varume vakafirwa kufa.

Meseji yaive yakajeka panguva ino. Mukutyisa, aive mapenzi uye zvikara izvo zvaizomiririra queer fungidziro, uye ivo pakupedzisira vaizofanira kuparadzwa.

Iyo Hays Code yakagara kwenguva yakati, asi pakupedzisira yakabviswa. Saka zvinoreva kuti idzo mhuka dzinofanira kubuda muwadhiropu, handiti?

Kwete chaizvo.

Queer-coding yaive ichiri kutamba, asi kazhinji kacho iwe waiwana hunhu hwakanyorwa kuti anga asiri chikara, uye zvinotonyanya kushamisa, akatenderwa kurarama!

Tora, semuenzaniso, The Kushusha kubva 1963. Iyi yaive yakanaka firimu uye imwe yezvangu zvandaifarira.

In The Kushusha, hunhu Theo, hunotambirwa naClaire Bloom, hwakajeka kunyorwa sevabonde. Munguva yekumwe kuputika kwaNell, anotodaidza Theo imwe ye "zvikanganiso zvakasikwa." Nekudaro, kusiyana nevakamutangira, iye akanaka asina kuitwa bonde. Anouya zvakare sekudzivirira kwevarombo Nell (Julie Harris), pane kungodya.

Zvinonyanya kushamisa, zvisinei, Theo anopona kusvika kumagumo kweiyo firimu!

Nekudaro, zviripachena kuti zvinhu zvaive zvave kuita nani uye munguva pfupi zvinhu zvaizotendeuka zvachose, handiti?

Zvakanaka, kwete, maitiro ekunyorwa kwekodhi panzvimbo pekunyora chaizvo mavara emunhu akaenderera mberi. Nepo vevampire vevabonde vakave chinhu chikuru muma 70s, queer coding yakaramba iri murawo kwete yekusara.

Takazviona muma80s nemafirimu akafanana A Nightmare paElm Street 2 uko hongu, iyo subtxt yengochani yaive kwese kwese, asi zvakatora kutsvoda murume nemukadzi kuti pakupedzisira akunde munhu akaipa. Uye mumamiriro ezvinhu apo queerness yaitove padyo nepamusoro, mukuti, Usatya Zvakaipa, yakanga ichakamiririrwa sehuipi hunofanira kuparadzwa.

Uye ipapo paive Kurara Camp.

Vanotyisa vateveri vakavhunduka nekuerekana kwaratidza pakupera kweiyo firimu kuti Angela anga ari Peter nguva dzese uye akatanga kuverenga mukati mayo yakawanda yekuzvinyengera kuti aive transgender hunhu achivaita imwe chete yeanhamba eanotyisa akaipa avo zvakave zvisirizvo-zvakasarudzwa zvakanyanya nevatsananguri vakananga pane iyo genre.

Yake queer-coding yaive yakangwara kusvika iyo yekupedzisira nguva uye equation yake neiyo trans munharaunda inogadza muenzaniso unotyisa, kusimbisa iyo pfungwa yekuti ivo vanoda kukunyengedza, kukuita iwe utende kuti ivo ndizvo zvavasiri, uyezve kuti ivo vane njodzi .

Angela, kutaura zvazviri, anga asinganyanyo shanduka sezvo anga ari nyajambwa wekushungurudzwa nemukadzi asina kusunganidzwa, uye vagadziri vemafirimu vakasarudza yakachipa yekukatyamadza-kukosha nguva iyo yakasimbisa nzvimbo yayo munhoroondo yemhando, asi haina kupera kwekukuvara nhengo dzenharaunda yenharaunda.

Zvinosuruvarisa kuti kuenzana kwehukama nehuipi kwakaramba kwakanyatsojeka mukati mezana ramakumi maviri nemasere apo isu pakupedzisira takazotanga kuona vatambi vaiburitswa pachena mumafirimu anotyisa, zvisinei kuratidzwa kwakajairika uko nharaunda yeLBBTQ yanga ichitsvaga hakuwanzoitika uye kuiswa kwayo kuri kure pakati . Isu hatisati taenda kupfuura iyo "kuuraya ngochani yako" trope.

Zvisinei pane tariro pamusoro. Ndinozviona muvagadziri vemafirimu uye vatambi vandakabvunzurudza kune yedu Horror Pride Mwedzi nhevedzano. Ivo vari kunyora zvinoshamisa queer nyaya munzvimbo yemhando.

Ndinozviona mumafirimu senge Kutora kwaDeborah Logan, uko hunhu hwevabonde hunozadzikiswa uye hunowanikwa pasina kumira kwake kuri pakati penhau. Ndinozviona muLyle uko vaviri vevabonde vasina kunyanyisa kuita bonde, asi asi ivo vanongoitika semurume nemukadzi vanozviwana vari mumamiriro ezvinhu anotyisa.

Ndinozviona zvakateedzana senge Chilling Adventures yaSabrina iyo inobata pachena nehunhu hweakasiyana manyorerwo echikadzi uye zvebonde zvine hukama, uye Kuputika kweGomo reimba, iyo yakazoburitsa Theo kubuda muwadhiropu.

Pamwe, pamwe pamwe, nguva yedu yasvika.

Joinha ini nguva inotevera, kwechikamu chechitatu uye chekupedzisira pane dzino zvakateedzana apo tichave tichikurukura queer-baiting, uye ndinokutendai nekutevera kwedu Inotyisa Kudada Mwedzi yakateedzana!